Acne vulgaris is a common skin issue that many people face, especially in Singapore's warm and humid climate. You might notice blemishes on your face, which can affect how your skin looks and how you feel about yourself. But don't worry—you're not alone in this, and there are ways to manage it.
This condition frequently appears on the face and can also affect the neck, chest, back, and shoulders, with symptom severity ranging from mild to severe. The visible effects of acne can cause emotional distress and impact self-esteem, particularly during recurrent flare-ups.
Acne vulgaris is primarily caused by the following factors:
There are two primary categories of acne vulgaris: inflammatory and non-inflammatory. Individuals may experience one type predominantly or both concurrently.
| Inflammatory acne | Characteristics |
| Papules | Red, raised bumps on the skin that do not contain pus. |
| Pustules | Similar to papules but contain pus-filled contents. |
| Nodules | Nodules are deeper and larger bumps on the skin and often indicate a greater degree of inflammation. |
| Cysts | Acne cysts are often fluid-filled deep nodules in the skin, and they are often tender to the touch. Like nodules, cysts are a sign of more severe inflammation. |
| Non-inflammatory acne | Characteristics |
| Blackheads | Blackheads, also called open comedones, occur when a pore remains open despite being clogged. This exposure allows a chemical reaction (oxidation) of sebum to take place, leading to a dark appearance. |
| Whiteheads | Whiteheads, also known as closed comedones, occur when a pore becomes clogged with oil and dead skin cells, but the pore remains closed to the external environment. |
Acne can affect people of all ages and backgrounds; however, the following factors contribute to a higher likelihood of experiencing acne:
To manage or prevent acne, it is advisable to maintain a balanced diet, manage stress levels, follow a proper skincare routine, and consult a dermatologist for personalised treatment recommendations.
Adult female acne refers to acne that persists beyond the age of 25 years old. There are two types of adult female acne:
Unlike adolescent acne, adult female acne typically affects the lower half of the face (cheeks, perioral, lower chin, extending even to the neck). In this form of acne, painful, deep-seated nodules can occur without papules and pustules.
A holistic approach to therapy should be taken, combining standard treatments with adjuncts such as laser treatment, chemical peels, and cosmetic use, and taking into consideration your expectations and lifestyle. Adult female acne is often more difficult to treat than adolescent acne, and a combination of treatment options is required.
The diagnosis of acne vulgaris typically involves a thorough evaluation by a dermatologist, which includes:
Once the diagnosis of acne is confirmed, your dermatologist will devise an appropriate treatment plan according to your specific needs and the severity of your acne. Individuals with acne should seek professional medical guidance and treatment, as effective management strategies can significantly improve the condition and prevent long-term complications such as scarring.
The treatment of acne vulgaris usually involves a comprehensive approach that combines topical treatments, oral medications, and lifestyle modifications. At Lumine Dermatology & Laser Clinic, we offer a range of effective treatments tailored to your specific needs and preferences. Our common treatment options for acne include:
We aim to provide comprehensive and personalised care to address your acne concerns effectively. If acne vulgaris is causing you or a loved one pain or emotional distress, our dermatologists at Lumine Dermatology & Laser Clinic are here to help. Contact us to schedule an appointment.
How can I minimise acne breakouts?
To minimise acne breakouts, maintain a consistent skincare routine using non-comedogenic products, adopt a balanced diet low in dairy and sugar, and follow a consistent sleep routine. Double cleansing can also help minimise pores clogging.
How long does it typically take for acne treatment to work?
This depends on the type of treatment, such as:
Can stress worsen acne?
Yes, stress can exacerbate acne by triggering hormonal changes that increase sebum production. Managing stress through relaxation techniques and stress-reducing activities can help improve acne symptoms.
Are there any natural remedies for acne?
While natural remedies like tea tree oil, aloe vera, and green tea may have some benefits, it is crucial to consult a dermatologist for personalised treatment. Medical-grade treatments and prescription medications are often more effective in managing acne.
When should I see a doctor for acne treatment?
If you have tried over-the-counter medications for several weeks with little to no improvement, prescription medications may be more effective. If you have severe nodulocystic acne, prescription medications are often required and should be started early to minimise scarring. One should not wait to “outgrow” acne. If the acne is causing marked scarring, affecting your self-esteem, or causing significant emotional distress, it is important to remember that the best form of treatment for acne scars is early intervention to prevent further outbreaks.
