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1 Scotts Road #04-15/16 Shaw Centre Singapore 228208

Chronic Eczema: How to Cure Flare-Ups

Chronic eczema is more than just dry or irritated skin. For many people, it’s a recurring medical condition that can severely affect quality of life. The persistent itching, inflammation, and visible symptoms often lead to discomfort, poor sleep, and emotional distress.

At Lumine Dermatology, we treat eczema not just as a skin issue, but as a chronic condition that needs long-term management. In this guide, we’ll explain what chronic eczema is, what causes flare-ups, and most importantly, how to cure chronic eczema flare-ups or at least keep them under control effectively.

What Is Chronic Eczema

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Chronic eczema is a long-lasting skin condition marked by inflammation, dryness, and itching. Unlike acute eczema, which appears suddenly and may resolve quickly, chronic eczema persists or recurs over time, often with intermittent flare-ups. The most common types include:

  • Atopic dermatitis (the most widespread form)
  • Contact dermatitis (triggered by irritants or allergens)
  • Nummular eczema (coin-shaped patches)
  • Neurodermatitis (caused by repetitive scratching)
  • Stasis dermatitis (linked to poor blood circulation)

The affected skin may appear red, scaly, thickened, or cracked. Over time, repeated scratching can worsen the condition, leading to lichenification (skin thickening) or secondary infections.

According to the National Eczema Society, around 1 in 5 children and 1 in 10 adults in developed countries suffer from eczema, with many developing chronic forms.

Common Causes and Triggers

To effectively manage and prevent flare-ups, it’s crucial to identify what triggers eczema in the first place. These vary from person to person but typically include:

Environmental Triggers

  • Weather changes, especially cold and dry air
  • Pollution and airborne irritants
  • Dust mites, mould, and pet dander

Irritants

  • Harsh soaps, shampoos, and detergents
  • Certain fabrics like wool or synthetic fibres
  • Long, hot showers that strip the skin of moisture

Allergens

  • Pollen, foods (e.g. dairy, nuts, eggs), and some chemicals
  • Nickel and other metals found in jewellery or belt buckles

Internal Triggers

  • Stress, which affects the immune system
  • Hormonal changes, especially in women during pregnancy or menstruation
  • Immune system dysfunction

Lifestyle Factors

  • Poor skin care routines
  • Excessive scratching
  • Inadequate hydration or poor diet

Understanding these triggers is the first step in learning how to cure chronic eczema symptoms or prevent flare-ups from worsening.

Recognising Flare-Ups Early

Flare-ups often begin subtly before becoming intense. Recognising early warning signs can help you intervene before the symptoms become severe.

Watch for:

  • Persistent itching in the same areas
  • Skin appearing redder or darker than usual
  • Slight swelling or heat
  • Increased skin sensitivity
  • Formation of new rashes or patches

Prompt action at this stage can reduce the intensity and duration of the flare-up.

How to Cure Chronic Eczema Flare-Ups

While there is no definitive cure for chronic eczema, flare-ups can be managed and, in many cases, prevented. The goal is to restore skin barrier function, reduce inflammation, and eliminate triggers.

1. Moisturise Aggressively and Consistently

A weakened skin barrier is central to eczema. Moisturising frequently restores hydration and prevents irritants from penetrating.

  • Use fragrance-free, ceramide-rich creams or ointments.
  • Apply within 3 minutes after bathing to lock in moisture.
  • Reapply at least twice a day and more frequently during cold seasons.

2. Topical Anti-Inflammatory Treatments

Topical corticosteroids remain the frontline treatment for reducing inflammation. For moderate to severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe:

  • Low to mid-potency corticosteroids for sensitive skin (face, neck)
  • High-potency steroids for thickened skin
  • Topical calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus for long-term use

All medications should be used under medical supervision to avoid thinning skin or steroid resistance.

3. Identify and Eliminate Triggers

Keeping a symptom diary can help connect environmental, dietary, and emotional triggers with flare-ups. You may also undergo patch testing at Lumine Dermatology to identify contact allergens.

Once triggers are known, avoid them where possible. For example:

  • Switch to hypoallergenic personal care products
  • Wear breathable fabrics like cotton
  • Use humidifiers in dry environments

4. Wet Wrap Therapy

Wet wraps provide rapid relief during intense flare-ups. This method involves:

  • Applying moisturiser and/or topical medication
  • Wrapping the area in warm, damp cloths
  • Covering with dry layers to maintain warmth

This helps soothe the skin, reduce inflammation, and increase medication absorption. This method should be done under medical guidance.

At-Home and Lifestyle Remedies

Alongside medical treatment, simple lifestyle adjustments can play a major role in flare-up prevention.

Optimise Your Skincare Routine

  • Choose gentle cleansers (syndet-based or soap-free)
  • Avoid hot showers; opt for lukewarm water
  • Pat skin dry with a soft towel

Manage Stress Levels

There is a well-established connection between stress and eczema. Chronic stress weakens the immune response and can intensify itching. Incorporating relaxation techniques can help:

  • Mindfulness or meditation
  • Gentle exercise like yoga
  • Structured sleep routines

Focus on Nutrition

While food allergies are not always the cause of eczema, a balanced diet can help reduce inflammation:

  • Include omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, flaxseed)
  • Eat antioxidant-rich foods (berries, leafy greens)
  • Stay well-hydrated

A dietitian may assist in creating an anti-inflammatory meal plan if food triggers are suspected.

When to See a Dermatologist

If your symptoms persist despite home care or are worsening, professional help is essential. You should consult a dermatologist if:

  • The rash covers a large area
  • Over-the-counter products are ineffective
  • The skin shows signs of infection (oozing, crusting, fever)
  • Flare-ups are frequent or disrupting daily life

A dermatologist can provide advanced eczema treatment, perform diagnostic testing, and tailor therapies to your unique skin needs.

Preventing Future Flare-Ups

Prevention is the most powerful tool in long-term management. Once what causes chronic eczema flare-ups is identified, you can build routines that keep your skin stable.

Key Steps to Prevent Flare-Ups

  1. Stick to a daily moisturising routine
  2. Avoid harsh cleaning agents and personal care products
  3. Use protective gear (gloves, sleeves) when handling irritants
  4. Wear loose, breathable clothing
  5. Keep nails short to prevent scratching
  6. Follow your dermatologist's treatment plan

Consistency is key. Managing chronic eczema is a continuous process, and small adjustments make a significant difference over time.

Living with Chronic Eczema

Living with chronic eczema can feel exhausting. The condition often affects not only your physical well-being but also your emotional health. Research shows that individuals with eczema are at higher risk of anxiety and depression.

Support groups, education, and medical care all play a role in improving your quality of life. The good news is that with the right plan, most people experience fewer flare-ups and longer periods of remission.

Conclusion

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer to how to cure chronic eczema, but with a structured approach, flare-ups can be reduced significantly. At Lumine Dermatology, our specialists offer customized care tailored to each patient's skin type, symptoms, and lifestyle.

If you're struggling with flare-ups, don’t wait. Early treatment leads to better results. Book a consultation with Lumine Dermatology to get expert advice and long-term relief.

Healthy skin, Happy mood.

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1 Scotts Road #04-15/16 Shaw Centre Singapore 228208
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